What is the difference between Protestant beliefs and Catholic beliefs?

Catholics were at one time selling forgiveness from sins. That prompted Martin Luther to write a list of the church's violations of scripture, and many congregations split from the church in protest. Most denominations are not protesting anything. The Catholics have toned down their pagan tendencies but they never actually quit doing them. The Protestant churches consider themselves members of the catholic church with a small 'c', not Catholic with a capital 'C'. The other Christian denominations ignore the Catholics and follow their own inspirations. The bible defines a Christian in Romans 10:9&10 -- denominations don't matter.

Go to wikipedia.com and search "filioque". Wars have been fought over that word. Search the same word at youtube.com for some history.