Student Guide
Lesson 14: Review Carbohydrates
Carbohydrates are a group of organic compounds that contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a 1:2:1 ratio. Simple carbohydrates consist of a single sugar molecule, while complex carbohydrates link many simple sugar molecules together. Plants build structures from carbohydrates, and most living things use carbohydrates as a source of energy and to store energy.
Goals for the Lesson
Demonstrate mastery of important knowledge in the lessons Simple Carbohydrates and Complex Carbohydrates.
Graded Activities in this Lesson
Lesson 14 Quiz (online, scored by computer)
Materials
Student Guide
BIO 2.14 Review Question Answers
Biology: A Reference Guide
Online Review
Key Concepts in Simple Carbohydrates
Carbohydrates are organic compounds that contain equal amounts of carbon and oxygen atoms, and twice as many hydrogen atoms.
Simple carbohydrates called monosaccharides are made of a single sugar molecule.
Glucose and fructose are monosaccharides.
Disaccharides, such as sucrose and lactose, are simple carbohydrates made of two monosaccharides bonded together.
Simple carbohydrates are a source of energy for living things.
Glucose is the main carboyhdrate that living things break down and convert into usable energy.
Key Concepts in Complex Carbohydrates
Complex carbohydrates, or polysaccharides, are many monosaccharides bonded together.
Starch is a common polysaccharide that consists of many glucose molecules. It has a branching structure.
Plants store extra glucose in the form of starch. Animals and plants break down starch into glucose to use as an energy source.
Plants use complex carbohydrates for energy storage and to build structures.
Cellulose is a complex carbohydrate made of many glucose molecules. It forms the cell walls that give plants shape and support.
Glycogen is a complex carbohydrate that animals use to store extra glucose. Molecules of glycogen are more highly branched than starch molecules.
Offline Review
Skim through pages 28–31 in your reference book, and then answer the Review Question. Write your answer directly below the question. When you have finished, check your answer against the Review Question Answer Key.
Review Question
Q. Explain how the structure of a cellulose molecule relates to the role of cellulose in plants.
Lesson 14 Quiz
Number of Questions: 6
Points Possible: 6
Complete the online quiz and then review your answers. After you finish the quiz, you may visit some websites to learn more about carbohydrates.
Optional: Beyond the Lesson
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