If a picture on Google has a label on it labeled 2 days does that mean it was taken two days ago?

This depends on the crawlers or google bots. It simply means that the bots identified that information two days ago. That information could have been on the internet more than that time. Just take it this was what google finds is what it displays to you.According to search algorithms, there are certain websites with alot of traffic;those websites are crawled many times a day that is why information on such sites is easily identified and ranked.