A word that describes the rights that all people have just because they are human beings?

Right means straight up, square, correct, the strong arm, a legal privilege. The common meaning to all those things is strength. You have a right to life, but only if you are strong enough to cling to it. You have a right to the space you occupy, but only if you are strong enough to defend it. You have a right to own property, but only if you can guard it from all attackers. You may obtain the services of a champion to defend your rights, or create a government for that purpose, but of course the champion's loyalty might become a concern, and governments always eventually renege on the contract.

Most people who talk about rights have no idea what the word means. A right is not something you have, it is something you take by force. But that does not mean that whoever is biggest is rightest. For most people, "rights" means an appeal to society to come to their aid.